Your vaginal microbiome is constantly interacting with your body. But what happens when its natural community of bacteria changes?
Our bodies are home to countless microorganisms that help support normal biological functions.
These communities are known as microbiomes, and each has its own characteristics.
When a microbial community becomes disrupted in a potentially harmful way, the condition is known as dysbiosis.
Understanding Dysbiosis
Dysbiosis refers to an imbalance in a community of microorganisms.
Although the term is often used when discussing gut health, it can also describe changes in the vaginal microbiome.
Importantly, what constitutes a healthy microbiome depends on where in the body that community exists.
For example, a diverse gut microbiome is often associated with health. In the vagina, however, many healthy microbial communities are dominated by beneficial Lactobacillus bacteria.
The Role of Lactobacillus
Lactobacillus species play an important role in maintaining the vaginal environment.
These bacteria produce lactic acid, which contributes to the vagina’s naturally acidic conditions.
This environment can help limit the growth of certain microorganisms associated with vaginal infections.
When Lactobacillus bacteria become less abundant and other bacteria increase, the vaginal microbiome may shift toward a state associated with bacterial vaginosis.
However, not all microbial changes are harmful, and microbiome composition can vary naturally.
What Can Influence the Vaginal Microbiome?
Several factors may influence vaginal microbial communities, including:
- Hormonal fluctuations
- Menstruation
- Certain medications, including antibiotics
- Douching and internal cleansing practices
- Sexual activity
- Individual biological differences
Researchers continue to investigate how these factors interact and why some people experience persistent microbial changes while others do not.
Can Natural Balance Return?
The vaginal microbiome can change over time, and some microbial communities may return to their previous composition without intervention.
In other cases, an underlying condition may require medical treatment.
There is no single approach that works for everyone. Treatment depends on the cause of the imbalance and whether symptoms or a diagnosed condition are present.
If you experience persistent symptoms, a qualified healthcare professional can help determine the appropriate next steps.
Understanding Your Body Is Empowering
Learning about dysbiosis helps explain why vaginal health involves more than cleanliness.
It is influenced by a complex relationship between microorganisms, hormones, the immune system, and the surrounding environment.
The HER FACT
Vaginal dysbiosis involves changes in the microbial community. Beneficial Lactobacillus bacteria help maintain an acidic environment associated with vaginal health.
Sources: 1. Cleveland Clinic — Dysbiosis, medically reviewed April 2024. 2. Cleveland Clinic — Vaginal Flora, medically reviewed February 2026. 3. CDC — Bacterial Vaginosis: STI Treatment Guidelines.
Educational content only. This article does not imply that Klew Wellness products treat dysbiosis or restore the vaginal microbiome.
